Publicly guaranteed external debt in five borrower countries

What the debt stock covers

The World Bank series includes long-term external obligations of public borrowers and private external obligations with a public guarantee. Amounts are shown in current US dollars. Source 1 Source 3

Stock and service answer different questions

The stock records what is outstanding at year-end. Debt service measures payments during a period. Domestic debt and debt issued by entities outside the reporting definition need separate records. Source 1 Source 3

What a guarantee adds to the ledger

A private borrower can appear in the series when a public entity guarantees repayment. That makes the scope wider than obligations issued directly by a central government, while still focusing on long-term external obligations. Source 3

Amounts and exchange rates

Current-dollar figures make stocks readable in the same reporting currency. Borrowers can issue debt in several currencies. Changes in dollar-valued stocks can reflect valuation as well as new borrowing and repayment. Source 3 Source 1

Sources

• World Bank International Debt Statistics · DT.DOD.DPPG.CD
• World Bank API extract
• World Bank debt statistics definitions