Ledger · Sovereign borrowing
General government debt across the EU at the end of June 2026
Eurostat put euro-area general government debt at 88.8% of GDP and the EU total at 82.9% at the end of June 2026. Greece and Italy had the highest ratios, although they moved in opposite directions over the preceding year. The release reports all 27 member countries on the same basis.
Sources checked
Q2 2025
Shared scale · 0% of GDP to 152% of GDP
Q1 2026
Shared scale · 0% of GDP to 152% of GDP
Q2 2026
Shared scale · 0% of GDP to 152% of GDP
The chart shows the five highest and five lowest June ratios, plus the two aggregates. The table includes all 27 member countries.
The stock covers all of general government
Eurostat’s measure is consolidated gross debt outstanding at face value at quarter end. The liability categories are debt securities, loans, and currency and deposits. For comparison with economic size, it divides that stock by the sum of GDP for the previous four quarters. Source 1
Similar ratios can move in opposite directions
Greece was at 140.8% of GDP, down 11.2 percentage points over a year. Italy was at 139.9%, up 2.2 points. France followed at 119.1% and Belgium at 110.2%. A country’s level and its direction answer different questions. Source 1
The country changes are wider than the aggregate change
The EU ratio increased by 1.5 percentage points year on year. Eurostat recorded increases in 18 member states and declines in nine. Poland’s rise was 6.7 points, while Cyprus fell 9.5 points. The EU aggregate reflects combined amounts across member countries. Source 1
Check the release vintage and how movements are rounded
Eurostat marks the first and second quarters of 2026 as provisional. Its quarter-to-quarter column comes from underlying estimates, so rounding can hide a small movement when displayed ratios appear unchanged. Eurostat also reports a 21-member euro area and a 27-member EU on this release basis. Source 1